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How to Calculate Cement, Sand and Aggregate in 1 cubic meter concrete

 Points to be kept in mind:

Density of Cement = 1440 kg/m^3

Density of Aggregates = 1450-1550 kg/m^3

Sand Density = 1450-1550 kg/m^3

Weight of 1 bag of Cement = 50 kg

Volume of 1 bag of cement = 34.7 liters = 0.0347 cubic meters = 1.226 cubic feet.

No of bags in 1 cubic meter = 28.8 bags 

Specific gravity of cement = 3.15 

Grade of cement = 33, 43 and 53 ( where 33, 43 and 53 is the compressive strength of cement in N/mm^2)

Grade M-20 Concrete - Ratio = 1 : 1.5 : 3 - Sum=5.5

Here M refers to Mix and 20 is its compressive strength.

Let us consider Volume of Concrete = 1 m^3

Now for Dry Concrete Volume will be = 1.54 m^3

Now Calculate Cement, Sand and Aggregate 

1) Cement 

Cement = 1.54 X 1/5.5 = 0.28 m^3 

Density of Cement = 1440 kg/m^3

Weight of Cement = 1440 X 0.28 = 403.2

 

No of bags = 403.2/50 = 8

2) Sand 

Sand = 1.54 X 1.5/5.5 = 0.42 m^3

Density of sand = 1450 kg/m^

Weight of sand = 1450 X 0.42 = 609 kg

3) Aggregate 

Aggregate = 1.54 X 3/5.5 = 0.84 cubic meters 

Density of aggregates = 1500 kg/m^3

Weight of aggregates = 1500 X 0.84 = 1260 kg.

QUALITIES OF GOOD CONCRETE

 Good concrete must be durable, dense, watertight, workable and be able to resist wear and tear.

(1) STRENGTH

Concrete should be able to withstand the stress which it is subjected to.

(2) DURABILITY

Concrete should be able to withstand the weathering action such as of wind, rain, frost and varying temperature.  When used in the construction of drains and sewers or structures in touch with sea water it should be able to resist the action of chemical salts.

(3) DENSITY

The concrete should be able to well compacted so that there are no voids or hollows left. It should weigh 3000 kg/cu metre.

(4) WATER TIGHTNESS

In case of constructing dams and elevated tanks and water reservoirs, the concrete should be water tight otherwise it will damage the structure and corrode the steel.

(5) WORKABILITY

It should be easily workable.

(6) RESISTANCE TO WEAR AND TEAR

Concrete should be able to withstand abrasive forces in case of floor and road construction.

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